Class Range<C extends Comparable>

java.lang.Object

com.google.common.collect.Range<C>

All Implemented Interfaces:

Predicate<C>, Serializable, Predicate<C>

@GwtCompatible
@Immutable(containerOf="C")
public final class Range<C extends Comparable>
extends Object
implements Predicate<C>, Serializable

A range (or "interval") defines the boundaries around a contiguous span of values of some Comparable type; for example, "integers from 1 to 100 inclusive." Note that it is not possible to iterate over these contained values. To do so, pass this range instance and an appropriate DiscreteDomain to ContiguousSet.create(com.google.common.collect.Range<C>, com.google.common.collect.DiscreteDomain<C>).

Types of ranges

Each end of the range may be bounded or unbounded. If bounded, there is an associated endpoint value, and the range is considered to be either open (does not include the endpoint) or closed (includes the endpoint) on that side. With three possibilities on each side, this yields nine basic types of ranges, enumerated below. (Notation: a square bracket ([ ]) indicates that the range is closed on that side; a parenthesis (( )) means it is either open or unbounded. The construct {x | statement} is read "the set of all x such that statement.")

Range Types

Notation	Definition	Factory method
(a..b)	{x | a < x < b}	open
[a..b]	{x | a <= x <= b}	closed
(a..b]	{x | a < x <= b}	openClosed
[a..b)	{x | a <= x < b}	closedOpen
(a..+∞)	{x | x > a}	greaterThan
[a..+∞)	{x | x >= a}	atLeast
(-∞..b)	{x | x < b}	lessThan
(-∞..b]	{x | x <= b}	atMost
(-∞..+∞)	{x}	all

When both endpoints exist, the upper endpoint may not be less than the lower. The endpoints may be equal only if at least one of the bounds is closed:

• [a..a] : a singleton range
• [a..a); (a..a] : empty ranges; also valid
• (a..a) : invalid; an exception will be thrown

Warnings

• Use immutable value types only, if at all possible. If you must use a mutable type, do not allow the endpoint instances to mutate after the range is created!
• Your value type's comparison method should be consistent with equals if at all possible. Otherwise, be aware that concepts used throughout this documentation such as "equal", "same", "unique" and so on actually refer to whether compareTo returns zero, not whether equals returns true.
• A class which implements Comparable<UnrelatedType> is very broken, and will cause undefined horrible things to happen in Range. For now, the Range API does not prevent its use, because this would also rule out all ungenerified (pre-JDK1.5) data types. This may change in the future.

Other notes

• All ranges are shallow-immutable.
• Instances of this type are obtained using the static factory methods in this class.
• Ranges are convex: whenever two values are contained, all values in between them must also be contained. More formally, for any c1 <= c2 <= c3 of type C, r.contains(c1) && r.contains(c3) implies r.contains(c2)). This means that a Range<Integer> can never be used to represent, say, "all prime numbers from 1 to 100."
• When evaluated as a Predicate, a range yields the same result as invoking contains(C).
• Terminology note: a range a is said to be the maximal range having property P if, for all ranges b also having property P, a.encloses(b). Likewise, a is minimal when b.encloses(a) for all b having property P. See, for example, the definition of intersection.
• A Range is serializable if it has no bounds, or if each bound is serializable.

Further reading

See the Guava User Guide article on Range.

Since:

10.0

Author:

Kevin Bourrillion, Gregory Kick

See Also:

• Serialized Form

Method Summary

Modifier and Type	Method	Description
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	all()	Returns a range that contains every value of type C.
boolean	apply(C input)	Deprecated. Provided only to satisfy the Predicate interface; use contains(C) instead.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	atLeast(C endpoint)	Returns a range that contains all values greater than or equal to endpoint.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	atMost(C endpoint)	Returns a range that contains all values less than or equal to endpoint.
Range<C>	canonical(DiscreteDomain<C> domain)	Returns the canonical form of this range in the given domain.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	closed(C lower, C upper)	Returns a range that contains all values greater than or equal to lower and less than or equal to upper.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	closedOpen(C lower, C upper)	Returns a range that contains all values greater than or equal to lower and strictly less than upper.
boolean	contains(C value)	Returns true if value is within the bounds of this range.
boolean	containsAll(Iterable<? extends C> values)	Returns true if every element in values is contained in this range.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	downTo(C endpoint, BoundType boundType)	Returns a range from the given endpoint, which may be either inclusive (closed) or exclusive (open), with no upper bound.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	encloseAll(Iterable<C> values)	Returns the minimal range that contains all of the given values.
boolean	encloses(Range<C> other)	Returns true if the bounds of other do not extend outside the bounds of this range.
boolean	equals(@Nullable Object object)	Returns true if object is a range having the same endpoints and bound types as this range.
Range<C>	gap(Range<C> otherRange)	Returns the maximal range lying between this range and otherRange, if such a range exists.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	greaterThan(C endpoint)	Returns a range that contains all values strictly greater than endpoint.
int	hashCode()	Returns a hash code for this range.
boolean	hasLowerBound()	Returns true if this range has a lower endpoint.
boolean	hasUpperBound()	Returns true if this range has an upper endpoint.
Range<C>	intersection(Range<C> connectedRange)	Returns the maximal range enclosed by both this range and connectedRange, if such a range exists.
boolean	isConnected(Range<C> other)	Returns true if there exists a (possibly empty) range which is enclosed by both this range and other.
boolean	isEmpty()	Returns true if this range is of the form [v..v) or (v..v].
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	lessThan(C endpoint)	Returns a range that contains all values strictly less than endpoint.
BoundType	lowerBoundType()	Returns the type of this range's lower bound: BoundType.CLOSED if the range includes its lower endpoint, BoundType.OPEN if it does not.
C	lowerEndpoint()	Returns the lower endpoint of this range.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	open(C lower, C upper)	Returns a range that contains all values strictly greater than lower and strictly less than upper.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	openClosed(C lower, C upper)	Returns a range that contains all values strictly greater than lower and less than or equal to upper.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	range(C lower, BoundType lowerType, C upper, BoundType upperType)	Returns a range that contains any value from lower to upper, where each endpoint may be either inclusive (closed) or exclusive (open).
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	singleton(C value)	Returns a range that contains only the given value.
Range<C>	span(Range<C> other)	Returns the minimal range that encloses both this range and other.
String	toString()	Returns a string representation of this range, such as "[3..5)" (other examples are listed in the class documentation).
BoundType	upperBoundType()	Returns the type of this range's upper bound: BoundType.CLOSED if the range includes its upper endpoint, BoundType.OPEN if it does not.
C	upperEndpoint()	Returns the upper endpoint of this range.
static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C>	upTo(C endpoint, BoundType boundType)	Returns a range with no lower bound up to the given endpoint, which may be either inclusive (closed) or exclusive (open).

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Methods inherited from interface com.google.common.base.Predicate

test

Methods inherited from interface java.util.function.Predicate

and, negate, or

Method Details

open

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> open(C lower,
 C upper)

Returns a range that contains all values strictly greater than lower and strictly less than upper.

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if lower is greater than or equal to upper

ClassCastException - if lower and upper are not mutually comparable

Since:

14.0

closed

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> closed(C lower,
 C upper)

Returns a range that contains all values greater than or equal to lower and less than or equal to upper.

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if lower is greater than upper

ClassCastException - if lower and upper are not mutually comparable

Since:

14.0

closedOpen

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> closedOpen(C lower,
 C upper)

Returns a range that contains all values greater than or equal to lower and strictly less than upper.

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if lower is greater than upper

ClassCastException - if lower and upper are not mutually comparable

Since:

14.0

openClosed

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> openClosed(C lower,
 C upper)

Returns a range that contains all values strictly greater than lower and less than or equal to upper.

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if lower is greater than upper

ClassCastException - if lower and upper are not mutually comparable

Since:

14.0

range

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> range(C lower,
 BoundType lowerType,
 C upper,
 BoundType upperType)

Returns a range that contains any value from lower to upper, where each endpoint may be either inclusive (closed) or exclusive (open).

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if lower is greater than upper

ClassCastException - if lower and upper are not mutually comparable

Since:

14.0

lessThan

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> lessThan(C endpoint)

Returns a range that contains all values strictly less than endpoint.

Since:

14.0

atMost

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> atMost(C endpoint)

Returns a range that contains all values less than or equal to endpoint.

Since:

14.0

upTo

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> upTo(C endpoint,
 BoundType boundType)

Returns a range with no lower bound up to the given endpoint, which may be either inclusive (closed) or exclusive (open).

Since:

14.0

greaterThan

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> greaterThan(C endpoint)

Returns a range that contains all values strictly greater than endpoint.

Since:

14.0

atLeast

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> atLeast(C endpoint)

Returns a range that contains all values greater than or equal to endpoint.

Since:

14.0

downTo

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> downTo(C endpoint,
 BoundType boundType)

Returns a range from the given endpoint, which may be either inclusive (closed) or exclusive (open), with no upper bound.

Since:

14.0

all

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> all()

Returns a range that contains every value of type C.

Since:

14.0

singleton

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> singleton(C value)

Returns a range that contains only the given value. The returned range is closed on both ends.

Since:

14.0

encloseAll

public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> encloseAll(Iterable<C> values)

Returns the minimal range that contains all of the given values. The returned range is closed on both ends.

Throws:

ClassCastException - if the values are not mutually comparable

NoSuchElementException - if values is empty

NullPointerException - if any of values is null

Since:

14.0

hasLowerBound

public boolean hasLowerBound()

Returns true if this range has a lower endpoint.

lowerEndpoint

public C lowerEndpoint()

Returns the lower endpoint of this range.

Throws:

IllegalStateException - if this range is unbounded below (that is, hasLowerBound() returns false)

lowerBoundType

public BoundType lowerBoundType()

Returns the type of this range's lower bound: BoundType.CLOSED if the range includes its lower endpoint, BoundType.OPEN if it does not.

Throws:

IllegalStateException - if this range is unbounded below (that is, hasLowerBound() returns false)

hasUpperBound

public boolean hasUpperBound()

Returns true if this range has an upper endpoint.

upperEndpoint

public C upperEndpoint()

Returns the upper endpoint of this range.

Throws:

IllegalStateException - if this range is unbounded above (that is, hasUpperBound() returns false)

upperBoundType

public BoundType upperBoundType()

Returns the type of this range's upper bound: BoundType.CLOSED if the range includes its upper endpoint, BoundType.OPEN if it does not.

Throws:

IllegalStateException - if this range is unbounded above (that is, hasUpperBound() returns false)

isEmpty

public boolean isEmpty()

Returns true if this range is of the form [v..v) or (v..v]. (This does not encompass ranges of the form (v..v), because such ranges are invalid and can't be constructed at all.)

Note that certain discrete ranges such as the integer range (3..4) are not considered empty, even though they contain no actual values. In these cases, it may be helpful to preprocess ranges with canonical(DiscreteDomain).

contains

public boolean contains(C value)

Returns true if value is within the bounds of this range. For example, on the range [0..2), contains(1) returns true, while contains(2) returns false.

apply

@InlineMe(replacement="this.contains(input)")
@Deprecated
public boolean apply(C input)

Deprecated.

Provided only to satisfy the Predicate interface; use contains(C) instead.

Description copied from interface: Predicate

Returns the result of applying this predicate to input (Java 8+ users, see notes in the class documentation above). This method is generally expected, but not absolutely required, to have the following properties:

• Its execution does not cause any observable side effects.
• The computation is consistent with equals; that is, Objects.equal(a, b) implies that predicate.apply(a) == predicate.apply(b)).

Specified by:

apply in interface Predicate<C extends Comparable>

containsAll

public boolean containsAll(Iterable<? extends C> values)

Returns true if every element in values is contained in this range.

encloses

public boolean encloses(Range<C> other)

Returns true if the bounds of other do not extend outside the bounds of this range. Examples:

• [3..6] encloses [4..5]
• (3..6) encloses (3..6)
• [3..6] encloses [4..4) (even though the latter is empty)
• (3..6] does not enclose [3..6]
• [4..5] does not enclose (3..6) (even though it contains every value contained by the latter range)
• [3..6] does not enclose (1..1] (even though it contains every value contained by the latter range)

Note that if a.encloses(b), then b.contains(v) implies a.contains(v), but as the last two examples illustrate, the converse is not always true.

Being reflexive, antisymmetric and transitive, the encloses relation defines a partial order over ranges. There exists a unique maximal range according to this relation, and also numerous minimal ranges. Enclosure also implies connectedness.

isConnected

public boolean isConnected(Range<C> other)

Returns true if there exists a (possibly empty) range which is enclosed by both this range and other.

For example,

• [2, 4) and [5, 7) are not connected
• [2, 4) and [3, 5) are connected, because both enclose [3, 4)
• [2, 4) and [4, 6) are connected, because both enclose the empty range [4, 4)

Note that this range and other have a well-defined union and intersection (as a single, possibly-empty range) if and only if this method returns true.

The connectedness relation is both reflexive and symmetric, but does not form an equivalence relation as it is not transitive.

Note that certain discrete ranges are not considered connected, even though there are no elements "between them." For example, [3, 5] is not considered connected to [6, 10]. In these cases, it may be desirable for both input ranges to be preprocessed with canonical(DiscreteDomain) before testing for connectedness.

intersection

public Range<C> intersection(Range<C> connectedRange)

Returns the maximal range enclosed by both this range and connectedRange, if such a range exists.

For example, the intersection of [1..5] and (3..7) is (3..5]. The resulting range may be empty; for example, [1..5) intersected with [5..7) yields the empty range [5..5).

The intersection exists if and only if the two ranges are connected.

The intersection operation is commutative, associative and idempotent, and its identity element is all()).

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if isConnected(connectedRange) is false

gap

public Range<C> gap(Range<C> otherRange)

Returns the maximal range lying between this range and otherRange, if such a range exists. The resulting range may be empty if the two ranges are adjacent but non-overlapping.

For example, the gap of [1..5] and (7..10) is (5..7]. The resulting range may be empty; for example, the gap between [1..5) [5..7) yields the empty range [5..5).

The gap exists if and only if the two ranges are either disconnected or immediately adjacent (any intersection must be an empty range).

The gap operation is commutative.

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if this range and otherRange have a nonempty intersection

Since:

27.0

span

public Range<C> span(Range<C> other)

Returns the minimal range that encloses both this range and other. For example, the span of [1..3] and (5..7) is [1..7).

If the input ranges are connected, the returned range can also be called their union. If they are not, note that the span might contain values that are not contained in either input range.

Like intersection, this operation is commutative, associative and idempotent. Unlike it, it is always well-defined for any two input ranges.

canonical

public Range<C> canonical(DiscreteDomain<C> domain)

Returns the canonical form of this range in the given domain. The canonical form has the following properties:

• equivalence: a.canonical().contains(v) == a.contains(v) for all v (in other words, ContiguousSet.create(a.canonical(domain), domain).equals( ContiguousSet.create(a, domain))
• uniqueness: unless a.isEmpty(), ContiguousSet.create(a, domain).equals(ContiguousSet.create(b, domain)) implies a.canonical(domain).equals(b.canonical(domain))
• idempotence: a.canonical(domain).canonical(domain).equals(a.canonical(domain))

Furthermore, this method guarantees that the range returned will be one of the following canonical forms:

• [start..end)
• [start..+∞)
• (-∞..end) (only if type C is unbounded below)
• (-∞..+∞) (only if type C is unbounded below)

equals

public boolean equals(@Nullable Object object)

Returns true if object is a range having the same endpoints and bound types as this range. Note that discrete ranges such as (1..4) and [2..3] are not equal to one another, despite the fact that they each contain precisely the same set of values. Similarly, empty ranges are not equal unless they have exactly the same representation, so [3..3), (3..3], (4..4] are all unequal.

Specified by:

equals in interface Predicate<C extends Comparable>

Overrides:

equals in class Object

hashCode

public int hashCode()

Returns a hash code for this range.

Overrides:

hashCode in class Object

toString

public String toString()

Returns a string representation of this range, such as "[3..5)" (other examples are listed in the class documentation).

Overrides:

toString in class Object