Class AbstractScheduledService

java.lang.Object
com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractScheduledService
All Implemented Interfaces:
Service
@GwtIncompatible public abstract class AbstractScheduledService extends Object implements Service
Base class for services that can implement startUp() and shutDown() but while in the "running" state need to perform a periodic task. Subclasses can implement startUp(), shutDown() and also a runOneIteration() method that will be executed periodically.

This class uses the ScheduledExecutorService returned from executor() to run the startUp() and shutDown() methods and also uses that service to schedule the runOneIteration() that will be executed periodically as specified by its AbstractScheduledService.Scheduler. When this service is asked to stop via stopAsync() it will cancel the periodic task (but not interrupt it) and wait for it to stop before running the shutDown() method.

Subclasses are guaranteed that the life cycle methods (runOneIteration(), startUp() and shutDown()) will never run concurrently. Notably, if any execution of runOneIteration() takes longer than its schedule defines, then subsequent executions may start late. Also, all life cycle methods are executed with a lock held, so subclasses can safely modify shared state without additional synchronization necessary for visibility to later executions of the life cycle methods.

Usage Example

Here is a sketch of a service which crawls a website and uses the scheduling capabilities to rate limit itself. 

class CrawlingService extends AbstractScheduledService {
  private Set<Uri> visited;
  private Queue<Uri> toCrawl;
  protected void startUp() throws Exception {
    toCrawl = readStartingUris();
  }

  protected void runOneIteration() throws Exception {
    Uri uri = toCrawl.remove();
    Collection<Uri> newUris = crawl(uri);
    visited.add(uri);
    for (Uri newUri : newUris) {
      if (!visited.contains(newUri)) { toCrawl.add(newUri); }
    }
  }

  protected void shutDown() throws Exception {
    saveUris(toCrawl);
  }

  protected Scheduler scheduler() {
    return Scheduler.newFixedRateSchedule(0, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
  }
}

This class uses the life cycle methods to read in a list of starting URIs and save the set of outstanding URIs when shutting down. Also, it takes advantage of the scheduling functionality to rate limit the number of queries we perform.

Since:
11.0
Author:
Luke Sandberg

  • Constructor Details

    • AbstractScheduledService

      protected AbstractScheduledService()
      Constructor for use by subclasses.

  • Method Details

    • runOneIteration

      protected abstract void runOneIteration() throws Exception
      Run one iteration of the scheduled task. If any invocation of this method throws an exception, the service will transition to the Service.State.FAILED state and this method will no longer be called.
      Throws:
      Exception

    • startUp

      protected void startUp() throws Exception
      Start the service.

      By default this method does nothing.

      Throws:
      Exception

    • shutDown

      protected void shutDown() throws Exception
      Stop the service. This is guaranteed not to run concurrently with runOneIteration().

      By default this method does nothing.

      Throws:
      Exception

    • scheduler

      protected abstract AbstractScheduledService.Scheduler scheduler()
      Returns the AbstractScheduledService.Scheduler object used to configure this service. This method will only be called once.

    • executor

      protected ScheduledExecutorService executor()
      Returns the ScheduledExecutorService that will be used to execute the startUp(), runOneIteration() and shutDown() methods. If this method is overridden the executor will not be shutdown when this service terminates or fails. Subclasses may override this method to supply a custom ScheduledExecutorService instance. This method is guaranteed to only be called once.

      By default this returns a new ScheduledExecutorService with a single thread pool that sets the name of the thread to the service name. Also, the pool will be shut down when the service terminates or fails.

    • serviceName

      protected String serviceName()
      Returns the name of this service. AbstractScheduledService may include the name in debugging output.
      Since:
      14.0

    • toString

      public String toString()
      Overrides:
      toString in class Object

    • isRunning

      public final boolean isRunning()
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Returns true if this service is running.
      Specified by:
      isRunning in interface Service

    • state

      public final Service.State state()
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Returns the lifecycle state of the service.
      Specified by:
      state in interface Service

    • addListener

      public final void addListener(Service.Listener listener, Executor executor)
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Registers a Service.Listener to be executed on the given executor. The listener will have the corresponding transition method called whenever the service changes state. The listener will not have previous state changes replayed, so it is suggested that listeners are added before the service starts.

      addListener guarantees execution ordering across calls to a given listener but not across calls to multiple listeners. Specifically, a given listener will have its callbacks invoked in the same order as the underlying service enters those states. Additionally, at most one of the listener's callbacks will execute at once. However, multiple listeners' callbacks may execute concurrently, and listeners may execute in an order different from the one in which they were registered.

      RuntimeExceptions thrown by a listener will be caught and logged. Any exception thrown during Executor.execute (e.g., a RejectedExecutionException) will be caught and logged.

      Specified by:
      addListener in interface Service
      Parameters:
      listener - the listener to run when the service changes state is complete
      executor - the executor in which the listeners callback methods will be run. For fast, lightweight listeners that would be safe to execute in any thread, consider MoreExecutors.directExecutor().
      Since:
      13.0

    • failureCause

      public final Throwable failureCause()
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Returns the Throwable that caused this service to fail.
      Specified by:
      failureCause in interface Service
      Since:
      14.0

    • startAsync

      @CanIgnoreReturnValue public final Service startAsync()
      Description copied from interface: Service
      If the service state is Service.State.NEW, this initiates service startup and returns immediately. A stopped service may not be restarted.
      Specified by:
      startAsync in interface Service
      Returns:
      this
      Since:
      15.0

    • stopAsync

      @CanIgnoreReturnValue public final Service stopAsync()
      Description copied from interface: Service
      If the service is starting or running, this initiates service shutdown and returns immediately. If the service is new, it is terminated without having been started nor stopped. If the service has already been stopped, this method returns immediately without taking action.
      Specified by:
      stopAsync in interface Service
      Returns:
      this
      Since:
      15.0

    • awaitRunning

      public final void awaitRunning()
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Waits for the Service to reach the running state.
      Specified by:
      awaitRunning in interface Service
      Since:
      15.0

    • awaitRunning

      public final void awaitRunning(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws TimeoutException
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Waits for the Service to reach the running state for no more than the given time.
      Specified by:
      awaitRunning in interface Service
      Parameters:
      timeout - the maximum time to wait
      unit - the time unit of the timeout argument
      Throws:
      TimeoutException - if the service has not reached the given state within the deadline
      Since:
      15.0

    • awaitTerminated

      public final void awaitTerminated()
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Waits for the Service to reach the terminated state.
      Specified by:
      awaitTerminated in interface Service
      Since:
      15.0

    • awaitTerminated

      public final void awaitTerminated(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws TimeoutException
      Description copied from interface: Service
      Waits for the Service to reach a terminal state (either terminated or failed) for no more than the given time.
      Specified by:
      awaitTerminated in interface Service
      Parameters:
      timeout - the maximum time to wait
      unit - the time unit of the timeout argument
      Throws:
      TimeoutException - if the service has not reached the given state within the deadline
      Since:
      15.0