com.google.common.io

Class Closer

java.lang.Object

com.google.common.io.Closer

All Implemented Interfaces:

Closeable, AutoCloseable

@Beta
public final class Closer
extends Object
implements Closeable

A Closeable that collects Closeable resources and closes them all when it is closed. This is intended to approximately emulate the behavior of Java 7's try-with-resources statement in JDK6-compatible code. Running on Java 7, code using this should be approximately equivalent in behavior to the same code written with try-with-resources. Running on Java 6, exceptions that cannot be thrown must be logged rather than being added to the thrown exception as a suppressed exception.

This class is intended to be used in the following pattern:

   Closer closer = Closer.create();
   try {
     InputStream in = closer.register(openInputStream());
     OutputStream out = closer.register(openOutputStream());
     // do stuff
   } catch (Throwable e) {
     // ensure that any checked exception types other than IOException that could be thrown are
     // provided here, e.g. throw closer.rethrow(e, CheckedException.class);
     throw closer.rethrow(e);
   } finally {
     closer.close();
   }

Note that this try-catch-finally block is not equivalent to a try-catch-finally block using try-with-resources. To get the equivalent of that, you must wrap the above code in another try block in order to catch any exception that may be thrown (including from the call to close()).

This pattern ensures the following:

• Each Closeable resource that is successfully registered will be closed later.
• If a Throwable is thrown in the try block, no exceptions that occur when attempting to close resources will be thrown from the finally block. The throwable from the try block will be thrown.
• If no exceptions or errors were thrown in the try block, the first exception thrown by an attempt to close a resource will be thrown.
• Any exception caught when attempting to close a resource that is not thrown (because another exception is already being thrown) is suppressed.

An exception that is suppressed is not thrown. The method of suppression used depends on the version of Java the code is running on:

• Java 7+: Exceptions are suppressed by adding them to the exception that will be thrown using Throwable.addSuppressed(Throwable).
• Java 6: Exceptions are suppressed by logging them instead.

Since:

14.0

Author:

Colin Decker

Method Summary

Methods

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
void	close() Closes all Closeable instances that have been added to this Closer.
static Closer	create() Creates a new Closer.
<C extends Closeable> C	register(C closeable) Registers the given closeable to be closed when this Closer is closed.
RuntimeException	rethrow(Throwable e) Stores the given throwable and rethrows it.
<X extends Exception> RuntimeException	rethrow(Throwable e, Class<X> declaredType) Stores the given throwable and rethrows it.
<X1 extends Exception,X2 extends Exception> RuntimeException	rethrow(Throwable e, Class<X1> declaredType1, Class<X2> declaredType2) Stores the given throwable and rethrows it.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Method Detail

create

public static Closer create()

Creates a new Closer.

register

public <C extends Closeable> C register(@Nullable
                               C closeable)

Registers the given closeable to be closed when this Closer is closed.

Returns:

the given closeable

rethrow

public RuntimeException rethrow(Throwable e)
                         throws IOException

Stores the given throwable and rethrows it. It will be rethrown as is if it is an IOException, RuntimeException or Error. Otherwise, it will be rethrown wrapped in a RuntimeException. Note: Be sure to declare all of the checked exception types your try block can throw when calling an overload of this method so as to avoid losing the original exception type.

This method always throws, and as such should be called as throw closer.rethrow(e); to ensure the compiler knows that it will throw.

Returns:

this method does not return; it always throws

Throws:

IOException - when the given throwable is an IOException

rethrow

public <X extends Exception> RuntimeException rethrow(Throwable e,
                                             Class<X> declaredType)
                         throws IOException,
                                X extends Exception

Stores the given throwable and rethrows it. It will be rethrown as is if it is an IOException, RuntimeException, Error or a checked exception of the given type. Otherwise, it will be rethrown wrapped in a RuntimeException. Note: Be sure to declare all of the checked exception types your try block can throw when calling an overload of this method so as to avoid losing the original exception type.

This method always throws, and as such should be called as throw closer.rethrow(e, ...); to ensure the compiler knows that it will throw.

Returns:

this method does not return; it always throws

Throws:

IOException - when the given throwable is an IOException

X - when the given throwable is of the declared type X

X extends Exception

rethrow

public <X1 extends Exception,X2 extends Exception> RuntimeException rethrow(Throwable e,
                                                                   Class<X1> declaredType1,
                                                                   Class<X2> declaredType2)
                         throws IOException,
                                X1 extends Exception,
                                X2 extends Exception

Stores the given throwable and rethrows it. It will be rethrown as is if it is an IOException, RuntimeException, Error or a checked exception of either of the given types. Otherwise, it will be rethrown wrapped in a RuntimeException. Note: Be sure to declare all of the checked exception types your try block can throw when calling an overload of this method so as to avoid losing the original exception type.

This method always throws, and as such should be called as throw closer.rethrow(e, ...); to ensure the compiler knows that it will throw.

Returns:

this method does not return; it always throws

Throws:

IOException - when the given throwable is an IOException

X1 - when the given throwable is of the declared type X1

X2 - when the given throwable is of the declared type X2

X1 extends Exception

close

public void close()
           throws IOException

Closes all Closeable instances that have been added to this Closer. If an exception was thrown in the try block and passed to one of the exceptionThrown methods, any exceptions thrown when attempting to close a closeable will be suppressed. Otherwise, the first exception to be thrown from an attempt to close a closeable will be thrown and any additional exceptions that are thrown after that will be suppressed.

Specified by:

close in interface Closeable

Specified by:

close in interface AutoCloseable

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs