001    /*
002     * Copyright (C) 2007 Google Inc.
003     *
004     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
005     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
006     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
007     *
008     * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
009     *
010     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
011     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
012     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
013     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
014     * limitations under the License.
015     */
016    
017    package com.google.common.collect;
018    
019    import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
020    
021    import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
022    import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
023    
024    import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
025    import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
026    import java.io.Serializable;
027    import java.util.ArrayList;
028    import java.util.Collection;
029    import java.util.Collections;
030    import java.util.Iterator;
031    import java.util.List;
032    import java.util.RandomAccess;
033    
034    import javax.annotation.Nullable;
035    
036    /**
037     * A high-performance, immutable, random-access {@code List} implementation.
038     * Does not permit null elements.
039     *
040     * <p>Unlike {@link Collections#unmodifiableList}, which is a <i>view</i> of a
041     * separate collection that can still change, an instance of {@code
042     * ImmutableList} contains its own private data and will <i>never</i> change.
043     * {@code ImmutableList} is convenient for {@code public static final} lists
044     * ("constant lists") and also lets you easily make a "defensive copy" of a list
045     * provided to your class by a caller.
046     *
047     * <p><b>Note</b>: Although this class is not final, it cannot be subclassed as
048     * it has no public or protected constructors. Thus, instances of this type are
049     * guaranteed to be immutable.
050     *
051     * @see ImmutableMap
052     * @see ImmutableSet
053     * @author Kevin Bourrillion
054     * @since 2 (imported from Google Collections Library)
055     */
056    @GwtCompatible(serializable = true, emulated = true)
057    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // we're overriding default serialization
058    public abstract class ImmutableList<E> extends ImmutableCollection<E>
059        implements List<E>, RandomAccess {
060      /**
061       * Returns the empty immutable list. This set behaves and performs comparably
062       * to {@link Collections#emptyList}, and is preferable mainly for consistency
063       * and maintainability of your code.
064       */
065      // Casting to any type is safe because the list will never hold any elements.
066      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
067      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of() {
068        return (ImmutableList<E>) EmptyImmutableList.INSTANCE;
069      }
070    
071      /**
072       * Returns an immutable list containing a single element. This list behaves
073       * and performs comparably to {@link Collections#singleton}, but will not
074       * accept a null element. It is preferable mainly for consistency and
075       * maintainability of your code.
076       *
077       * @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is null
078       */
079      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E element) {
080        return new SingletonImmutableList<E>(element);
081      }
082    
083      /**
084       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
085       *
086       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
087       */
088      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E e1, E e2) {
089        return construct(e1, e2);
090      }
091    
092      /**
093       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
094       *
095       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
096       */
097      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E e1, E e2, E e3) {
098        return construct(e1, e2, e3);
099      }
100    
101      /**
102       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
103       *
104       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
105       */
106      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4) {
107        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4);
108      }
109    
110      /**
111       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
112       *
113       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
114       */
115      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5) {
116        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4, e5);
117      }
118    
119      /**
120       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
121       *
122       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
123       */
124      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6) {
125        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6);
126      }
127    
128      /**
129       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
130       *
131       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
132       */
133      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(
134          E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E e7) {
135        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7);
136      }
137    
138      /**
139       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
140       *
141       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
142       */
143      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(
144          E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E e7, E e8) {
145        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8);
146      }
147    
148      /**
149       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
150       *
151       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
152       */
153      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(
154          E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E e7, E e8, E e9) {
155        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9);
156      }
157    
158      /**
159       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
160       *
161       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
162       */
163      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(
164          E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E e7, E e8, E e9, E e10) {
165        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9, e10);
166      }
167    
168      /**
169       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
170       *
171       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
172       */
173      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(
174          E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E e7, E e8, E e9, E e10, E e11) {
175        return construct(e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9, e10, e11);
176      }
177    
178      // These go up to eleven. After that, you just get the varargs form, and
179      // whatever warnings might come along with it. :(
180    
181      /**
182       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
183       *
184       * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null
185       * @since 3 (source-compatible since release 2)
186       */
187      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(
188          E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E e7, E e8, E e9, E e10, E e11, E e12,
189          E... others) {
190        Object[] array = new Object[12 + others.length];
191        array[0] = e1;
192        array[1] = e2;
193        array[2] = e3;
194        array[3] = e4;
195        array[4] = e5;
196        array[5] = e6;
197        array[6] = e7;
198        array[7] = e8;
199        array[8] = e9;
200        array[9] = e10;
201        array[10] = e11;
202        array[11] = e12;
203        System.arraycopy(others, 0, array, 12, others.length);
204        return construct(array);
205      }
206    
207      /**
208       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
209       *
210       * @deprecated use {@link #copyOf(Object[])}. <b>This method is scheduled for
211       *     deletion in October 2011.</b>
212       * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null
213       * @since 2 (changed from varargs in release 3)
214       */
215      @Deprecated
216      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> of(E[] elements) {
217        return copyOf(elements);
218      }
219    
220      /**
221       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order. If
222       * {@code elements} is a {@link Collection}, this method behaves exactly as
223       * {@link #copyOf(Collection)}; otherwise, it behaves exactly as {@code
224       * copyOf(elements.iterator()}.
225       *
226       * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null
227       */
228      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> copyOf(Iterable<? extends E> elements) {
229        checkNotNull(elements); // TODO(kevinb): is this here only for GWT?
230        return (elements instanceof Collection)
231          ? copyOf(Collections2.cast(elements))
232          : copyOf(elements.iterator());
233      }
234    
235      /**
236       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
237       *
238       * <p>Despite the method name, this method attempts to avoid actually copying
239       * the data when it is safe to do so. The exact circumstances under which a
240       * copy will or will not be performed are undocumented and subject to change.
241       *
242       * <p>Note that if {@code list} is a {@code List<String>}, then {@code
243       * ImmutableList.copyOf(list)} returns an {@code ImmutableList<String>}
244       * containing each of the strings in {@code list}, while
245       * ImmutableList.of(list)} returns an {@code ImmutableList<List<String>>}
246       * containing one element (the given list itself).
247       *
248       * <p>This method is safe to use even when {@code elements} is a synchronized
249       * or concurrent collection that is currently being modified by another
250       * thread.
251       *
252       * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null
253       */
254      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> copyOf(Collection<? extends E> elements) {
255        if (elements instanceof ImmutableCollection) {
256          @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // all supported methods are covariant
257          ImmutableList<E> list = ((ImmutableCollection<E>) elements).asList();
258          return list.isPartialView() ? copyFromCollection(list) : list;
259        }
260        return copyFromCollection(elements);
261      }
262    
263      /**
264       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
265       *
266       * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null
267       */
268      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> copyOf(Iterator<? extends E> elements) {
269        return copyFromCollection(Lists.newArrayList(elements));
270      }
271    
272      /**
273       * Returns an immutable list containing the given elements, in order.
274       *
275       * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null
276       * @since 3
277       */
278      public static <E> ImmutableList<E> copyOf(E[] elements) {
279        switch (elements.length) {
280          case 0:
281            return ImmutableList.of();
282          case 1:
283            return new SingletonImmutableList<E>(elements[0]);
284          default:
285            return construct(elements.clone());
286        }
287      }
288    
289      private static <E> ImmutableList<E> copyFromCollection(
290          Collection<? extends E> collection) {
291        Object[] elements = collection.toArray();
292        switch (elements.length) {
293          case 0:
294            return of();
295          case 1:
296            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // collection had only Es in it
297            ImmutableList<E> list = new SingletonImmutableList<E>((E) elements[0]);
298            return list;
299          default:
300            // safe to use the array without copying it
301            // as specified by Collection.toArray().
302            return construct(elements);
303        }
304      }
305      
306      /** {@code elements} has to be internally created array. */
307      private static <E> ImmutableList<E> construct(Object... elements) {
308        for (int i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
309          checkElementNotNull(elements[i], i);
310        }
311        return new RegularImmutableList<E>(elements);
312      }
313    
314      // We do this instead of Preconditions.checkNotNull to save boxing and array
315      // creation cost.
316      private static Object checkElementNotNull(Object element, int index) {
317        if (element == null) {
318          throw new NullPointerException("at index " + index);
319        }
320        return element;
321      }
322    
323      ImmutableList() {}
324    
325      // This declaration is needed to make List.iterator() and
326      // ImmutableCollection.iterator() consistent.
327      @Override public UnmodifiableIterator<E> iterator() {
328        return listIterator();
329      }
330    
331      @Override public UnmodifiableListIterator<E> listIterator() {
332        return listIterator(0);
333      }
334    
335      @Override public abstract UnmodifiableListIterator<E> listIterator(int index);
336    
337      // Mark these two methods with @Nullable
338    
339      public abstract int indexOf(@Nullable Object object);
340    
341      public abstract int lastIndexOf(@Nullable Object object);
342    
343      // constrain the return type to ImmutableList<E>
344    
345      /**
346       * Returns an immutable list of the elements between the specified {@code
347       * fromIndex}, inclusive, and {@code toIndex}, exclusive. (If {@code
348       * fromIndex} and {@code toIndex} are equal, the empty immutable list is
349       * returned.)
350       */
351      public abstract ImmutableList<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex);
352    
353      /**
354       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the list unmodified.
355       *
356       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
357       */
358      public final boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> newElements) {
359        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
360      }
361    
362      /**
363       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the list unmodified.
364       *
365       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
366       */
367      public final E set(int index, E element) {
368        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
369      }
370    
371      /**
372       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the list unmodified.
373       *
374       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
375       */
376      public final void add(int index, E element) {
377        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
378      }
379    
380      /**
381       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the list unmodified.
382       *
383       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
384       */
385      public final E remove(int index) {
386        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
387      }
388    
389      /**
390       * Returns this list instance.
391       *
392       * @since 2
393       */
394      @Override public ImmutableList<E> asList() {
395        return this;
396      }
397    
398      /**
399       * Returns a view of this immutable list in reverse order. For example, {@code
400       * ImmutableList.of(1, 2, 3).reverse()} is equivalent to {@code
401       * ImmutableList.of(3, 2, 1)}.
402       *
403       * @return a view of this immutable list in reverse order
404       * @since 7
405       */
406      public ImmutableList<E> reverse() {
407        return new ReverseImmutableList<E>(this);
408      }
409    
410      private static class ReverseImmutableList<E> extends ImmutableList<E> {
411        private transient final ImmutableList<E> forwardList;
412        private transient final int size;
413    
414        ReverseImmutableList(ImmutableList<E> backingList) {
415          this.forwardList = backingList;
416          this.size = backingList.size();
417        }
418    
419        private int reverseIndex(int index) {
420          return (size - 1) - index;
421        }
422    
423        private int reversePosition(int index) {
424          return size - index;
425        }
426    
427        @Override public ImmutableList<E> reverse() {
428          return forwardList;
429        }
430    
431        @Override public boolean contains(@Nullable Object object) {
432          return forwardList.contains(object);
433        }
434    
435        @Override public boolean containsAll(Collection<?> targets) {
436          return forwardList.containsAll(targets);
437        }
438    
439        @Override public int indexOf(@Nullable Object object) {
440          int index = forwardList.lastIndexOf(object);
441          return (index >= 0) ? reverseIndex(index) : -1;
442        }
443    
444        @Override public int lastIndexOf(@Nullable Object object) {
445          int index = forwardList.indexOf(object);
446          return (index >= 0) ? reverseIndex(index) : -1;
447        }
448    
449        @Override public ImmutableList<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
450          Preconditions.checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, size);
451          return forwardList.subList(
452              reversePosition(toIndex), reversePosition(fromIndex)).reverse();
453        }
454    
455        @Override public E get(int index) {
456          Preconditions.checkElementIndex(index, size);
457          return forwardList.get(reverseIndex(index));
458        }
459    
460        @Override public UnmodifiableListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) {
461          Preconditions.checkPositionIndex(index, size);
462          final UnmodifiableListIterator<E> forward =
463              forwardList.listIterator(reversePosition(index));
464          return new UnmodifiableListIterator<E>() {
465            @Override public boolean hasNext() {
466              return forward.hasPrevious();
467            }
468    
469            @Override public boolean hasPrevious() {
470              return forward.hasNext();
471            }
472    
473            @Override public E next() {
474              return forward.previous();
475            }
476    
477            @Override public int nextIndex() {
478              return reverseIndex(forward.previousIndex());
479            }
480    
481            @Override public E previous() {
482              return forward.next();
483            }
484    
485            @Override public int previousIndex() {
486              return reverseIndex(forward.nextIndex());
487            }
488          };
489        }
490    
491        @Override public int size() {
492          return size;
493        }
494    
495        @Override public boolean isEmpty() {
496          return forwardList.isEmpty();
497        }
498    
499        @Override boolean isPartialView() {
500          return forwardList.isPartialView();
501        }
502      }
503      
504      @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) {
505        return Lists.equalsImpl(this, obj);
506      }
507    
508      @Override public int hashCode() {
509        return Lists.hashCodeImpl(this);
510      }
511    
512      /*
513       * Serializes ImmutableLists as their logical contents. This ensures that
514       * implementation types do not leak into the serialized representation.
515       */
516      private static class SerializedForm implements Serializable {
517        final Object[] elements;
518        SerializedForm(Object[] elements) {
519          this.elements = elements;
520        }
521        Object readResolve() {
522          return copyOf(elements);
523        }
524        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
525      }
526    
527      private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)
528          throws InvalidObjectException {
529        throw new InvalidObjectException("Use SerializedForm");
530      }
531    
532      @Override Object writeReplace() {
533        return new SerializedForm(toArray());
534      }
535    
536      /**
537       * Returns a new builder. The generated builder is equivalent to the builder
538       * created by the {@link Builder} constructor.
539       */
540      public static <E> Builder<E> builder() {
541        return new Builder<E>();
542      }
543    
544      /**
545       * A builder for creating immutable list instances, especially {@code public
546       * static final} lists ("constant lists"). Example: <pre>   {@code
547       *
548       *   public static final ImmutableList<Color> GOOGLE_COLORS
549       *       = new ImmutableList.Builder<Color>()
550       *           .addAll(WEBSAFE_COLORS)
551       *           .add(new Color(0, 191, 255))
552       *           .build();}</pre>
553       *
554       * Builder instances can be reused; it is safe to call {@link #build} multiple
555       * times to build multiple lists in series. Each new list contains all the
556       * elements of the ones created before it.
557       *
558       * @since 2 (imported from Google Collections Library)
559       */
560      public static final class Builder<E> extends ImmutableCollection.Builder<E> {
561        private final ArrayList<E> contents = Lists.newArrayList();
562    
563        /**
564         * Creates a new builder. The returned builder is equivalent to the builder
565         * generated by {@link ImmutableList#builder}.
566         */
567        public Builder() {}
568    
569        /**
570         * Adds {@code element} to the {@code ImmutableList}.
571         *
572         * @param element the element to add
573         * @return this {@code Builder} object
574         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is null
575         */
576        @Override public Builder<E> add(E element) {
577          contents.add(checkNotNull(element));
578          return this;
579        }
580    
581        /**
582         * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableList}.
583         *
584         * @param elements the {@code Iterable} to add to the {@code ImmutableList}
585         * @return this {@code Builder} object
586         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} is null or contains a
587         *     null element
588         */
589        @Override public Builder<E> addAll(Iterable<? extends E> elements) {
590          if (elements instanceof Collection) {
591            Collection<?> collection = (Collection<?>) elements;
592            contents.ensureCapacity(contents.size() + collection.size());
593          }
594          super.addAll(elements);
595          return this;
596        }
597    
598        /**
599         * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableList}.
600         *
601         * @param elements the {@code Iterable} to add to the {@code ImmutableList}
602         * @return this {@code Builder} object
603         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} is null or contains a
604         *     null element
605         */
606        @Override public Builder<E> add(E... elements) {
607          contents.ensureCapacity(contents.size() + elements.length);
608          super.add(elements);
609          return this;
610        }
611    
612        /**
613         * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableList}.
614         *
615         * @param elements the {@code Iterable} to add to the {@code ImmutableList}
616         * @return this {@code Builder} object
617         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} is null or contains a
618         *     null element
619         */
620        @Override public Builder<E> addAll(Iterator<? extends E> elements) {
621          super.addAll(elements);
622          return this;
623        }
624    
625        /**
626         * Returns a newly-created {@code ImmutableList} based on the contents of
627         * the {@code Builder}.
628         */
629        @Override public ImmutableList<E> build() {
630          return copyOf(contents);
631        }
632      }
633    }